MAWAQI’U AL-ILTIFAT FI SURATI AL-KAHFI (DIRASAH BALAGHIYAH) Al-Iltifat dalam Surat al-Kahfi (Analisis Balaghah)

Abstract

Etymologically Iltifaat is a change from one form to another. While according to balaghah experts, terminologically it is a change within the expression of speech from one side to another, from various aspects, or from three points of conversation: (speaker - listener - and those who do not present). While in fact, following the conversation requires the continuation of expressions that are in accordance with the number of ways of choice without its alternation regard. There are several scattered terms about iltifaat, including: (as-sharf), ((al-'aduul)), (al-inshiraaf), (at-talawwun), (mukhalafatu muqtadha dzaahir) , (syajaa'atul arabiyah) and so on. This research is based on the study of balaghah analysis in surah Al-Kahf of iltifaat sentence patterns. Therefore, the researcher limited the background of this discussion on what are the positions of iltifaat in Surah Al-Kahf in the balaghah study? And what are the interpretations of the iltifaat verses in Surah Al-Kahf? The results of this study showed that there are six fields of iltifaat in Surah Al-Kahf, first: in the field of shighah consisted of five kinds: 1) mabniy lil-majhul - mabniy lil-ma'lum in verse 31 {يُحَلَّوْنَ - يَلْبَسُوْنَ}, 2 ) mudhari '- maadhi in three paragraphs, paragraph 47 {نسير - حشرنا}, paragraph 49 {يقولون - وجدوا}, paragraph 56 {يجادلوا - اتخذوا}, 3) between the two shigah fi'il in verses 78 -82 {تستطع - تسطع } and verse 97 {اسْطَاعُوْا - اسْتَطَاعُوْا}. Second: in the field of 'adad consisted of three types: 1) tatsniyah - ifrad in verses 33-35 {الجَنَّتَيْنِ - أُكُلَهَا}, 2) jama'a - ifrad in verse 50 {هُمْ –عَدُوٌّ}, verse 56 {نُرْسِلُ –{ آيَاتِي  verses 100-101 {عَرْضُنَا - ذِكْرِي}, 3) ifrad - jama 'in verse 102 {دُوْنِي - أَنَا}. Third: in dhamir consisted of two kinds, 1) ghaibah - takallum in paragraph 13 {بربهم - زدنا}, and paragraph 52 {يقول - جعلنا}, 2) takallum - ghaibah in paragraph 21 {أعثرنا - وعد الله}, and paragraph 45 {أَنْزَلْنَا - كَانَ اللهُ}. Fourth: in the field of adawaat consisted of one kind, 1) ziyadatul is in verse 22 {سَبْعَةٌ وَثَامِنُهُمْ}. Fifth: in the field of al-bina an-nahwiy consisted of one kind, 1) tahawwul fil isnad in verses 79-82 {فَأَرَدْتُ - فَأَرَدْنَا - فَأَرَادَ رَبُّكَ}, sixth: in the field of mu'jam consisted of three kinds: {1} اللهُ - رَبُّكُمْ}, and verse 24 {اللهُ - رَبُّكَ}, 2) in verse 17 {تَزَاوَرَ - تَقْرِضُهُمْ}, 3) in verse 52 {نَادُوْا - دَعَوْا}.