PEMANFAATAN MEDIA MASSA DALAM KONFLIK PKI DAN HMI: PROPAGANDA PEMBUBARAN HMI PADA TAHUN 1965

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Published: Aug 14, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.51190/jazirah.v7i1.403
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Putri Yasmin Azzahra
UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia
Imas Emalia
UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

This study analyzes the utilization of mass media as a propaganda tool in the conflict between the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and the Islamic Students' Association (HMI) in 1965, particularly concerning the campaign to dissolve HMI at the end of the Old Order era. Using historical research methods encompassing heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography, this study examines 13 newspaper articles from 6 different publishers, especially Harian Rakjat as the official mouthpiece of PKI, along with contemporary documents such as Sukarno's speeches, HMI's constitution, and Presidential Decrees. Employing Harold Lasswell's propaganda theory framework, this study finds that PKI systematically conducted symbol management through negative labeling of HMI as a "onderbouw of Masyumi", "counter-revolutionary", "terrorist", and "university devil" to create public justification for dissolution demands. This propaganda was massively disseminated through PKI-affiliated mass media to standardize public opinion and mobilize engineered mass reactions. However, these propaganda efforts completely failed after the September 30th Movement (G30S/PKI) event that drastically altered the political power structure. This study concludes that propaganda without strong power support and alignment with historical facts will inevitably fail when reality itself rises against that propaganda. This research offers a new contribution to the study of Indonesian political history by shifting the analytical focus from elite political lobbying to the struggle for discursive hegemony in the public sphere mediated by contemporary press.

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Azzahra, P. Y., & Emalia, I. (2026). PEMANFAATAN MEDIA MASSA DALAM KONFLIK PKI DAN HMI: PROPAGANDA PEMBUBARAN HMI PADA TAHUN 1965 . Jazirah: Jurnal Peradaban Dan Kebudayaan, 7(1), 195-213. https://doi.org/10.51190/jazirah.v7i1.403
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Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Jazirah: Jurnal Peradaban dan Kebudayaan (Agustus 2026)
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