SEJARAH GERAKAN SOSIAL, POLITIK, DAN AGAMA DI KOTA TASIKMALAYA PADA TAHUN 1901–1940

Abstract

This study examines the dynamics of social, political, and religious movements in the city of Tasikmalaya from 1901 to 1940, an important era in the history of the Dutch East Indies marked by the emergence of national consciousness and resistance to colonial domination. Using a historical approach and qualitative methods through literature review and archival document analysis, this study traces the involvement of Tasikmalaya society in various forms of movements, both modern and traditional. Political movements began to emerge with the arrival of Sarekat Islam and local figures who advocated for the rights of the people through organizational channels. On the other hand, religious movements flourished through the role of Islamic boarding schools and clerics, who not only spread Islamic teachings but also became centers of resistance against colonial rule. The interaction between social, political, and religious movements formed a distinctive pattern of resistance in Tasikmalaya, where religion served as the ideological foundation for social-political resistance. This study shows that the movements in Tasikmalaya cannot be understood in isolation but as part of a complex social dynamic within the colonial context. The findings enrich our understanding of the role of regions in the history of Indonesia's national movement.