PUISI PUJIAN MADDAH NABAWIYAH: STUDI TERHADAP KARYA KA’AB BIN ZUHAIR, Al-BUSHIRI, AS-SHASHURI, DAN Al-BARUDI

Abstract

As one of the most influential literary traditions in the Islamic heritage, madā’iḥ nabawiyyah poetic praises for the Prophet Muhammad stands as an enduring expression of love and reverence conveyed through verses that have been cherished across generations. This study aims to explore the development of this tradition by examining the seminal works of four key poets: Kaʿab ibn Zuhayr, al-Busiri, al-Ṣarsari, and al-Barudi. The research employs library-based inquiry supported by historical and aesthetic approaches. The historical approach is used to trace the social, political, and religious contexts surrounding the lives of these poets, while the aesthetic approach focuses on analyzing linguistic style, symbolism, and the artistic character of their compositions. The findings show that Kaʿab ibn Zuhayr laid the earliest foundation of this tradition through his poem Banāt Suʿad, written as an act of repentance and affirmation of faith. His work not only established him as a pioneering figure but also became an early model for prophetic praise poetry in Islam. In the following period, al-Busiri produced the renowned Qasidah al-Burdah, a poem that later gained extraordinary prominence and became central to practices of recitation, memorization, and devotional gatherings throughout the Muslim world. The tradition continued to flourish with al-Sarsari, who combined profound spiritual sensibility with refined linguistic artistry, and with al-Barudi, who introduced a spirit of renewal by harmonizing classical forms with modern literary tendencies within the al-ihyaʾ al-adabi movement.